¿Who we are?

We are a group of students which was ordered to create this blog in order to inform and clarify certain doubts that may  have on this important issue such as HIV, we are:

Reimon Caldera: I am peaceful I like specific music genres and salsa reggeton, I like the rumba and exceed all my goals and I want to study electronics.

Rausseo Kerwin: I am a funny person, I like all kinds of music especially rap, my hobby is playing football, drawing and hanging out with my friends (a) s, I am focused on my studies and my goals, especially mechanical engineering .

Angelo Moretti: : I'm very caster joke, I really like the rap genre consciousness and romantic style, my favorite sport is football but I also like baseball, high school study in the 5th Beraza Bolet Ninor mention I want to study mechanical engineering science or chemistry pure.

Ivan White: I am a fortune-joke I like to read topics in relation to science or other things of historical technological advances or universal level, I love music genres preferred alternative rock, electronic, dance, pop, rap between others, I consider myself a very open minded person so I think any chance to exert a career in architecture.

Our concern regarding this whole issue is the ability to inform and educate you see our blog on HIV.

¿What is HIV?

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS. This virus can be transmitted from one person to another when infected blood, semen or vaginal secretions come in contact with infected mucous membranes * or skin lesions of an uninfected person. Pregnant women who have the virus can also pass HIV to their babies during pregnancy or childbirth and during breastfeeding. People with HIV have what is called HIV infection. Some of these people will develop AIDS as a result of this infection.

Structure

The outer envelope of HIV is a lipid membrane derived from the host cell. Protruding from this deck viral transmembrane glycoproteins gp41 and gp120 envelope glycoproteins that allow the binding of HIV to target cells. Inside the cover, the viral core protein p17 is the matrix of the virion and core protein p24 forms a cylindrical inner nucleoid. The nucleoid has within both strands of viral RNA genome (the genetic material of HIV), and the enzyme reverse transcriptase. Ribonucleic acid containing the structural genes gag, pol and env, common to all retroviruses, and several structural genes.

HIV life cycle

HIV infects cells on its surface with the CD4 molecule (a protein that belongs to some immune system cells that HIV uses as a receiver). The viral gp120 specifically recognizes and binds to CD4, and thus the virus binds to the cell membrane. After this union, the viral nucleoid enters the cell through the process of reverse transcription, viral RNA is converted into double-stranded DNA. This viral DNA is transported to the cell nucleus, where it is inserted or integrated into the DNA of the chromosomes of the cell. When producing the necessary stimulus, it triggers the formation of new virions. The integrated viral DNA in the chromosomes of the host cell uses replication mechanisms for transcription it into messenger RNA (mRNA) and new viral genomic RNA strands. There is then the translation of viral mRNA and enzyme structural viral proteins, and assembly of new virions within the cell. HIV particles thus created are released from the cell to take on their way out of the cell membrane for use as cover. HIV replication can cause the death of CD4 T lymphocytes (one of several types of white blood cells). The destruction of CD4 T cells via cell phone paralyzes the immune system, and this is the mechanism by which HIV infection can cause AIDS.

¿How is it transmitted?

The routes of transmission are threefold:

Heterosexual or homosexual sex unprotected (vaginal, anal, oral).

By blood, by sharing needles for drug use or any other cutting or stabbing, or via blood transfusion is not controlled.

Perinatal transmission from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation. It is the main mechanism for the acquisition of AIDS in children. If you do not get medical care, a woman is HIV positive during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding a 30% chance of transmitting the virus to her baby. These possibilities are reduced to 2% in case of receiving adequate medical care.

¿How to treat HIV?

Antiretroviral drugs reduce levels of HIV in the body, so that the immune system can recover and function effectively. Antiretroviral drugs allow HIV-positive many people enjoy a long and healthy life.

The start of antiretroviral therapy to treat HIV infection involves a compromise. That is, the medications should be taken every day for the rest of the life of the infected. Following the treatment is especially important because it increases the risk of drug resistance. Side effects of HIV drugs can cause treatment compliance more difficult. In addition, these drugs tend to be very strong. There are ways to reduce the impact of these side effects, but sometimes it is necessary to abandon the previous treatment and start an alternative treatment.

More than 20 antiretroviral drugs are approved for the treatment of this infection in the United States and Europe, and new drugs currently under study. Although treatment for HIV has become more accessible in recent years, access to antiretroviral treatment has restrictions in parts of the world due to lack of funds.

¿What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?

Often we hear about HIV and AIDS as if they were synonymous,but, Having HIV does not mean you have AIDS. Being infectedwith HIV means that one has been exposed to the virus and is notdefinite that she will develop the disease. It can remain without symptoms (asymptomatic carriers) for a long time. It is critical to note that with the advancement of new treatments can HIV live healthy life. AIDS is the advanced stage of HIV infection in the presence of symptoms that occur when the immune systemdeteriorates and ceases to function effectively, to developopportunistic infections and / or marker because it has lost theability to defend the body to fight against the various agents that cause enfermedadesUn large percentage of those infected withthe AIDS virus also have the hepatitis C virus, hence theimportance of the controls. Half of those newly infected with AIDSin the world are teenagers under 19 years. Every 14 seconds a young man infected with the HIV virus, which means that about6,000 are infected with AIDS each day around the world.